Building Embedded Systems

Dr. Charles Stark Draper of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology developed the Apollo Guidance Computer in the 1960s for the Apollo Program.

the first modern embedded computer system with real-time functionality. The Apollo Guidance Computer was designed to automatically collect information and carry out calculations necessary for the missions of the Apollo Command Module and Lunar Modules.
In 1978, the National Engineering Manufacturers Association released a standard for programmable microcontrollers to enhance embedded system architecture.
Memory, input, and output system components were combined onto a single chip with the processor by the early 1980s, creating the microcontroller. In 1971, Intel introduced the Intel 4004, the first microprocessor to be sold commercially.
Eventually, embedded microcontroller systems would be found in every aspect of consumers' daily lives, from credit card readers and cell phones to traffic lights and thermostats.
This book explains this in detail.
. What is an Embedded System
. The purpose of an Embedded system
. Debugging an Embedded system
. Role Arduino plays in embedded systems